Columns are pillars that can be used to give buildings stuctural support or just decoration. Since ancient times they have been used to give support to buildings and were even ornately decorated to signify importance.
Today, columns can still be used for structural support, but often are are used as decorative elements in homes of office buildings. Homes, especially plantation-style homes, will have plain ones for decoration while large mansions or office spaces will have more ornate ones.